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User Guide
Financial Glossary
- APR - Annual Percentage Rate
- Administration
- Amortisation
- Annual Report
- Approving a Sale
- Assurance
- Authorisation Process
- Balance Sheet
- Balloon Payment
- Base Rate
- Benefits
- Bill Of Exchange
- CAGR - Compound Annual Growth Rate
- CAPEX - Capital Expenditure
- CEO - Chief Executive Officer
- CFO - Chief Financial Officer
- CIO - Chief Information Officer
- COO - Chief Operating Officer
- CTO - Chief Technology Office
- Capital
- Capital Goods
- Capital Lease
- Capital Spend
- Cash Burn
- Chairman
- Chapter 11
- Charge
- Chinese Walls
- Churn
- Cockroach Effect
- Contract Hire
- Cost Of Capital
- Cost Savings
- Covenant
- Credit Scoring
- Credit Search
- Creditors
- Cross Charging
- DCF - Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
- DSO
- Debentures
- Debtors
- Depreciation
- Directors' Report
- Discount Rate (pa%)
- Dividend
- Dividend Yield
- EBITDA
- EPS - Earnings Per Share
- EVA %
- EVA - Economic Value Add
- Earnings
- Efficiency Improvements
- Ego
- Endorsement
- Equity
- Equity Rental
- Extension Rentals
- FD - Finance Director
- FRS 17
- Factoring
- Finance Lease
- Financial Returns
- Fixed Assets
- Floating Charge
- Forward Multiple
- Fraud Reduction
- Funds Flow Statement
- Gearing
- Goodwill
- Gross Profit Percentage
- Hire Purchase
- Hurdle Rate
- IPO - Initial Public Offering
- IRR - Internal Rate Of Return
- Impairment Charge
- Incoterms
- Infrastructure
- Initial Lease Period
- Insider Trading
- Insolvency
- Intangible Asset
- Inventory
- Investment Appraisal
- LIBOR - London Inter Bank Offered Rate
- Lease Purchase
- Leasing
- Leverage
- Like-for-like
- Liquidation
- Liquidity
- Liquidity Ratio
- Loaded Cost
- Loans
- Loss
- MD - Managing Director
- MMC - Monopolies and Mergers Commission
- Margin
- Marginal Cost
- Mark Up
- Market Capitalisation
- Market Value
- Minimum return (pa%)
- Monthly Costs (averaged)
- Multiple
- NPV - Net Present Value
- Net Asset Value
- Net Asset Value (per share)
- Non-Executive Director
- OPEX
- Off Balance Sheet Financing
- Offshore
- On Balance Sheet
- Operating Lease
- Outright Purchase
- Outsourcing
- Ownership - Risks
- Ownership Rewards
- P/E Ratio
- Payback
- Private Limited Company
- Profit
- Profit and Loss Account
- Prospective Earnings
- Prospectus
- Public Company
- Quoted Company
- ROCE - Return On Capital Employed
- ROI - Return On Investment
- Rate Of Return
- Regulatory Costs
- Renting
- Residual Value
- Results
- Return On Assets (ROA)
- Return On Equity (ROE)
- Return On Investment Capital (ROIC)
- Return On Net Assets (RONA)
- Return On Sales (ROS)
- Revaluation
- Revenue
- Review period
- SLA - Service Level Agreement
- Security
- Share Capital
- Shareholder Value
- Shareprice
- Spend Deferment
- Stock
- Substance Over Form
- Sweating the Assets
- TCO
- Target Price
- Tax Avoidance
- Tax Evasion
- The Market
- Time Is Of The Essence
- Tranche
- VAE - Value Added (Economic)
- VAE%
- Volatility
- WDA - Writing Down Allowance
- Weighted Average Cost Capital (WACC)
- Whole Useful Life
- Window Dressing
- Wooden Dollars
- Working Capital
- Write Downs
International Trade Glossary
Regulatory Costs
Some industries, usually ones that have previously been in public ownership, have obligations to Government appointed regulatory bodies. These may control pricing, competition, fraud etc. The costs of reporting to these bodies and implementing their recommendations can be very onerous. It is a little ironic, but investment proposals that reduce these regulatory costs are just as valid as those more standard proposals that increase revenue or maximise profits.
Straight Talk
Former public bodies are given their freedom to operate in the open market. These include Electricity, Gas, Telephony, Water, Sewerage and many more. In order to ease them into the market, Governments appoint regulators or watchdogs to police their initial business activities. Compliance with these regulations can be very expensive and traditionally would not appear inside a commercial enterprise. Investment proposals that reduce these costs are just as valid as any others.